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Table of Contents
5. Heat capacity of liquids
1. Introduction
The goal of the experiment is to measure the specific heat capacity of kerosene and compare it with the given value for finding the accuracy of the measurement.
Same amount of heat $Q$ is given to 100 ml of water and kerosene, so
$$ Q = m_w c_w \Delta T_w = m_k c_k \Delta T_k $$
where $m_w$ and $m_k$ are the mass of water and kerosene, $c_w$ and $c_k$ are the specific heat capacity of water and kerosene, and $\Delta T_w$ and $\Delta T_k$ are the rise in temperature due to the given heat for water and kerosene. Therefore
$$ c_k = \frac{m_w c_w \Delta T_w}{m_k \Delta T_k} $$
which can be used to measure $c_k$. Define specific heat capacity using the unit J g$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$.
Calculate the mass of water and kerosene given the volume $V$ and density $\rho$ using the relation
$$ \rho = \frac{m}{V} \Rightarrow m = V \rho. $$
The volume is 100 ml where 1 ml = 1 cm$^3$. The densities of water ($\rho_w$) and kerosene (\rho_k) are given below.
| Material | Density [g cm$^{-3}$] | Specific heat capacity [J g$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$] |
|---|---|---|
| Water | $1.00$ | $4.19$ |
| Kerosene | $0.82$ | $2.40$ |
2. Method and data
2.1 List of apparatus
- Beaker
- Thermometer
- Water, kerosene Oil
- Stopwatch
- Sprit Lamp
- Wire Gauze
- Tripod
2.2 Setup and procedure
- Ordered List Item 1
- Ordered List Item 2
Data table
| Time [min] | 100 ml Water | 100 ml Kerosene |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | ||
| 0.5 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1.5 | ||
| 2 | ||
| 2.5 | ||
| 3 | ||
| 3.5 | ||
| 4 | ||
| 4.5 | ||
| 5 |