====== Ultraviolet telescopes ====== ^ Telescope Name ^ Location ^ Frequency Range ^ Number of Antennas ^ Key Scientific Objectives ^ Notable Features ^ | **Hubble Space Telescope (HST)** | Space (Low Earth Orbit) | 115–800 nm (UV, visible, and IR) | Space telescope | Star formation, galaxy evolution, planetary atmospheres | High-resolution UV imaging; wide wavelength coverage, above atmospheric distortion | | **Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX)** | Space (NASA mission, decommissioned in 2013) | 135–280 nm | Space telescope | Galaxy evolution, star formation rates, interstellar medium | Extensive UV surveys, provided a complete UV map of nearby galaxies | | **Swift UVOT (Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope)** | Space (NASA mission) | 170–650 nm (UV and optical) | Space telescope | Supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, transient events | Part of Swift Observatory; rapid follow-up of transient phenomena in UV | | **Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)** | Space (NASA mission, decommissioned in 2007) | 90.5–119.5 nm | Space telescope | Interstellar medium, star formation, galaxy structure | High-resolution UV spectroscopy; focused on hot gas and molecular hydrogen | | **AstroSat (UVIT instrument)** | Space (ISRO mission) | 130–320 nm | Space telescope | Star clusters, active galactic nuclei, galaxy evolution | First Indian space observatory, includes simultaneous multi-wavelength observations | | **Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE)** | Space (NASA mission, decommissioned in 2001) | 70–760 Å (extreme UV) | Space telescope | White dwarfs, hot stars, interstellar medium | One of the few extreme UV missions, mapped hot UV sources in the galaxy | | **Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO-2)** | Space (NASA mission, 1968–1973) | 110–420 nm | Space telescope | Stellar UV emissions, hot stars, interstellar absorption | First successful UV space telescope; observed bright stars in UV | | **SPEX (Spectrograph for Photometric and Energetic X-rays)** | Space (planned NASA mission) | 100–400 nm (extreme UV and soft X-ray) | Space telescope | Stellar atmospheres, intergalactic medium | Planned high-resolution UV/soft X-ray imaging; focuses on high-energy phenomena | | **IUE (International Ultraviolet Explorer)** | Space (NASA/ESA/UKSA mission, 1978–1996) | 115–320 nm | Space telescope | Stellar evolution, interstellar medium, planetary atmospheres | First long-duration UV space mission; versatile spectroscopic capabilities | | **HST COS (Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on Hubble)** | Space (instrument on HST) | 90–320 nm | Space telescope (UV spectrograph) | Intergalactic medium, star formation, galaxy evolution | High-resolution UV spectrometer on Hubble; optimized for faint UV sources |